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| linux:rust [2021/01/31 18:03] – kurt.smolderen@empuly.net | linux:rust [2021/02/14 13:05] (current) – kurt.smolderen@empuly.net |
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| * ''cargo build'': Build program without optimizations. Output is stored in //./target/debug//. | * ''cargo build'': Build program without optimizations. Output is stored in //./target/debug//. |
| * ''cargo build –release'': Build program with runtime optimizations. Output is stored in //./target/release//. | * ''cargo build –release'': Build program with runtime optimizations. Output is stored in //./target/release//. |
| | ===== Data types ===== |
| | |
| | * Scalar types: |
| | * Integer: Internally represented in 2-components notation when signed (-(2<sup>n</sup> ) -> 2<sup>n</sup> -1) |
| | |
| | ^Length^Signed^Unsigned| |
| | |8-bit|i8|u8| |
| | |16-bit|i16|u16| |
| | |32-bit|i32|u32| |
| | |64-bit|i64|u64| |
| | |128-bit|i128|u128| |
| | |arch|isize|usize| |
| | |
| | * Floating point: ''f32'', ''f64'' |
| | * Boolean: ''bool'' |
| | * Character: ''char'' |
| | * Compound types |
| | * Tuple: Fixed size (defined at declaration), elements may differ in type |
| | * ''let tup: (i32, f64, u8) = (500, 6.4, 1);'' |
| | * Values can be retrieved by either pattern matching: ''let (x, y, z) = tup; %%//%% x, y and z are now accessible as variables'' or by using a period ''let x = tup.0;'' |
| | * Array: Fixed size, elements should be of the same type |
| | * ''let a = [1, 2, 3];'' |
| | * ''let a: [f64; 3] = [1.0, 2.0, 3.0];'' |
| | * ''let a = [0; 5];'': Creates an array of size 5 with all elements initialized to 0 |
| | * ''let first = a[0];'': Accessing elements of array |
| | * ''for element in a.iter() { … }'': Iterates over elements in array |
| | * Rust panics on index out of bounds situations |
| | |
| ===== Variables ===== | ===== Variables ===== |
| |
| * ''let foo = bar;'': Creates immutable variable ''foo'' and assigns it value ''bar''. | * ''let foo = bar;'': Creates immutable variable ''foo'' and assigns it value ''bar''. |
| * ''let mut foo = bar;'': Creates mutable varibale ''foo'' and assigns it value ''bar''. | * ''let mut foo = bar;'': Creates mutable variable ''foo'' and assigns it value ''bar''. |
| | * ''let foo: type = false;'': Creates immutable variable ''foo%'' with explicit type definition. |
| | ===== Functions ===== |
| | |
| | * ''fn function_name() { … }'' |
| | * ''fn function_name(x: i32, y: char) { … }'': Parameterized function |
| | * ''fn function_name(x: i32) → i32 { … }'': Function with return value. Returned value is last evaluated expression of the function body. |
| ===== Terminology ===== | ===== Terminology ===== |
| |
| * Associated function: functione implemented on a type rather than on a particular instance of the type. Similar as a //static method// in Java. | * Associated function: function implemented on a type rather than on a particular instance of the type. Similar as a //static method// in Java. |
| | * Destructing: splitting a tuple in individual parts by pattern matching |
| | * Expression: instructions that evaluate to a resulting value. No semicolon at end of line! |
| * Macro: | * Macro: |
| * Prelude: | * Prelude: |
| | * Statement: instructions that do not return a value |
| * Trait: | * Trait: |
| |
kurt.smolderen@empuly.net